What is Spine Surgery?
The human spine is very important to structure for mobility and stability. The spinal cord has nerves that start from the spinal cord and runs into different parts of the body. These nerves transmit signals from the brain and spine to other parts of the body. Also, there are 24 mobile vertebrae surrounding the spine. Between every two vertebrae, discs are present, which allow mobility to vertebrae. Ligaments are also there which helps in movement of bones one over another.
The disc contains soft jelly-like material at the centre surrounded by hard fibrous material. The disc acts like a shock absorber and absorbs body weight. It also helps in body movement. Sometimes disc becomes so hard that it can not move and unable to bear the weight of the body. Thus disc can lead to damage and comes out of hard surrounding material. Slip disc is a condition in which disc comes out of damaged external hard material. This can lead to back, neck, leg and arm pain.
Spinal is condition in which there is abnormal increase in thickness of ligaments or bones or severe disc. This may happen due to arthritic changes in the body. It may lead to difficulty in walking, pain in getting up, weakness in hands or feet.
Spondylolysis is a condition of fracture or defect in the posterior part of the vertebral body, thus creating instability in the spinal column. This instability leads to the movement of one of the vertebrae. It pulls the nerves along with it and leads to compression of nerves. It causes pain and numbness.
Various Treatments For Spinal Disorders
There are 3 types of treatment options available for spinal disorder
There are special backache clinics available for assessment; physiotherapy and conservative management of Spine ailments. Surgery of the Spine is indicated in Spinal cord tumors, prolapsed disc & Spinal instability, deformity of the Spine and spondylotic disease of the Spine. The other types of disorders are Arterio-Venous malformations and some of the birth defects of the spine in childhood.
Fixations of the Spinal elements are necessary for fracture of the Spine because of trauma or injury. Superior Spinal imaging before and during the operations has added a lot to the understanding of the disease process and strategic planning of surgical procedures. Now artificial disc placement after discectomy is becoming popular among the Indians which are done in our centers. The hospitalization required for Spinal surgeries is for four to five days. Most of the patients are mobilized the very next day after the surgery.